The right amount of substrate is essential for healthy plant growth and a stable environment for your fish. The number of kilograms of substrate depends on the size of your aquarium and the thickness of the layer you want to create. In this article, we will focus on the differences between sand and gravel, and how much substrate you need for different aquarium sizes.
Basic rules for calculating the substrate:
- A 4-5 cm thick substrate layer is recommended for most aquariums.
- Substrate calculation based on bottom area: Length (cm) x Width (cm) x Thickness (cm) / 1000 = number of liters of substrate needed for a given aquarium.
- When choosing, we also consider whether you are using sand or gravel.
How much substrate do you need for different aquarium sizes:
| Aquarium size | Required amount of substrate (kg) |
|---|---|
| 10 liters | 2-3 kg |
| 20 liters | 4-6 kg |
| 30 liters | 6-8 kg |
| 60 liters | 12-15 kg |
| 100 liters | 20-25 kg |
| 180 liters | 35-45 kg |
| 200 liters | 40-50 kg |
Sand vs. Gravel: How Much Do You Need?
- Sand : Due to its finer texture, you will need slightly more sand than gravel. For example, a 60-liter aquarium will require 15-17 kg of sand.
- Gravel : Coarser gravel provides better water circulation, so 12-15 kg of gravel is sufficient for the same 60-liter aquarium.
Tips for using the substrate:
- Plants : For plants with deep roots, it is better to use a coarser substrate or combine sand with a nutrient substrate.
- Fish and invertebrates : Sensitive species, such as armadillos, prefer finer sand that won't damage their sensitive whiskers.
- Maintenance : Sand requires more frequent maintenance because it can settle and trap dirt. Gravel allows for better water circulation and reduces debris buildup.
When planning your aquarium, it is important to choose the right amount and type of substrate according to the needs of your fish and plants. Whether you use sand or gravel, remember that the right amount of substrate is the foundation for a successful and healthy aquarium. If you have any further questions or need help with your selection, we are happy to advise you!